Study on possibilities of implementing MOOCs at the Mongolian National University of Education
Хэвлэлийн нэр: The Direction of Teacher Education in the 4th Industrial Revolution Era. The 12th International Symposium on Teacher Education in East Asia. Seoul National University of Education, Korea
Зохиогч: Б.Лхасүрэн
Хамтран зохиогч: [Л.Энхбаяр :H.EM14],[М.Булганцэцэг:H.EM15]
Хэвлүүлсэн огноо: 2017-06-14
Хуудас дугаар: 81-89
Өгүүллийн хураангуй: The Fourth Industrial Revolution is causing the breadth and depth
of changes in every aspects of life. Numerous possibilities for rapid
development of every country have been increased by emerging technology
breakthroughs of the revolution, named as historically unprecedented. During
the disruptive transformation, technological innovations have altered the
education paradigm and the way of teaching and learning. It calls the demand of
high skilled workers who are able to afford and access the digital world and to
apply the potential of the world through application of disruptive
technologies. The formal classroom we have adjusted tends not to prepare young
people for the revolution that is changing the working future. For adequate training of young people for the disruptive life
changes we need to emphasize the application of Massive Open Online Courses
(MOOCs) to combine with the conventional teaching. The combination of MOOCs and
conventional teaching could be a New Identity for general and higher education
to be highly achievable to meet the need of this disruptive revolution. MOOCs
have been revealed as a revolutionary innovation for global education. MOOCs
are a very rapidly developing field, and they are inspiring innovations in
assessments and credentialing. However, the rapid rise of MOOCs has mainly
taken place in the Global North. As courses offered free-of-charge to any
number of people, anywhere and anytime, MOOCs enable access to higher education
and beyond for people who cannot afford a formal education and are
disadvantaged. MOOCs emerged from the open education movement. As such, they
enable free access to high-quality content and resources, which might be too
costly for higher education institutions in developing countries to produce.
Use and reuse of MOOCs is therefore an important consideration in developing a
national strategy. However, it is crucial to adapt such resources to various
contexts. Although the effective MOOCs development
are followed by criticism by journalists and academics because of some factors such as
language barriers, low course completion rate and insufficient interaction
between teachers and students, MOOCs are offered by numerous universities around the world. This paper explores the possibilities of using educational
resources including MOOCs to combine with on campus teaching more effectively. MOOCs have drawn much attention of educational
institutions of Mongolia in terms of open-access features, and it has been
reflected in the developmental strategy of Mongolian National University
of Education (MNUE) to be implemented in the
near future. MNUE, which is the largest teacher training institution in
Mongolia, aims to develop research, innovation,
training methodology and technology and bring the quality of education service
to the level of contemporary university. The University formulated its
developmental strategy for 2014-2024 which consists of two parts:
Administration and Organization; Education Quality and Outcome. Within the
framework of this strategy, the university is planning to design the curriculum
on online distant learning at undergraduate and graduate levels and increase
the number of distant learning programs; create the possibility of carrying out
online elective courses regardless of time and location at undergraduate level;
design online courses and put them into practice; equip the university
professors with the facilities and teaching tools to implement E-learning and
U-learning and provide them methodological guidance at several stages. This paper also discusses
the outcome of project “The requirement, possibility and ways of improving the
quality of university courses” which was implemented at the MNUE in
collaboration with Oulu University in Finland in the 2016-2017 academic years.
This project was financed by the Asian Development Bank in Mongolia, and the
handout and guidance of this project is to be published soon to disseminate the
outcome of this project to other counterparts in the country. In total, 12
professors from sub-schools of the university participated in this project in
which they developed and taught video lessons for undergraduate students by
using the latest teaching methodologies in each area. During the implementation
of this project, all the participants of this project visited Oulu University
in Finland to be introduced to the Finnish education system and learn from best
practices. Moreover, they also organized a national training and workshop among
the professors of all state and private universities and colleges in
Ulaanbaatar, Darkhan and Erdenet cities. This
project has been the beginning of preparatory work to enhance university
professors to be able to design online courses well suited for needs and
demands of today’s learners. In addition, English and German Language
Department at MNUE has tried to reuse MOOCs along with conventional classes in
few areas such as BA in English education. The authors seek the ways to expand
the use of MOOCs extensively in English subjects. We
designed a MOOC course on “English listening skill” for 70 senior students
studying as a profession of English teacher at the MNUE and made experiment
with combining a MOOC course with conventional teaching. In this paper, we
present the result of this experiment on how a MOOC supports conventional
teaching and which mode is more effective in the digital era.In this
case, a technological barrier out of three major barriers of MOOC offerings
seems to be less significant compared to other two - prior knowledge and
linguistic barriers. The study also includes a comprehensive questionnaire
given by researchers to students majoring in English which reveals the problems
they are faced with while taking online courses. The strategies for resolving
these problems are detailed in the recommendation section of this study. Many recommendations have been made as a result of the study. In
order to promote MOOCs at the MNUE, several changes in curriculum particularly
in learner assessment have to be made and clear guidance has to be provided for
learners to overcome the linguistic barrier. In terms of the required
prior knowledge, a MOOC can be offered to the third and fourth year students
mainly to help them advance or reorganize their knowledge after studying core
subjects in the first two years. Further research is needed to find more ways
to overcome difficulties using MOOCs and start developing some MOOCs in other
subjects as information technology, educational studies and psychology whose
medium of instruction would be in Mongolian language at the MNUE.
Өгүүллийн төрөл: Олон улсын хурлын эмхэтгэлд бүрэн хэмжээний өгүүлэл
Өгүүллийн зэрэглэл: Гадаад
Түлхүүр үг: #innovations and advances in technology #Massive Open Online Courses #online learning